Journal of Applied And Theoretical Social Sciences

New Economic Paradigm: Universal Basic Income

Nurbay Sey — 2024-09-29

With the rapid increase in technology in production, the idea that robots will take away people's jobs and that this will lead to a major social problem has started to gain prominence. In such a situation, there will be a need for both income sufficient to ensure people's basic livelihoods and the preservation of social peace. At this point, the idea of a universal basic income comes to the fore. Universal basic income can be defined as the amount of money paid unconditionally and regularly to every individual in society. In this study, the theory of universal basic income is examined from many aspects. In this context, the scope and motivation of universal basic income are presented, and the advantages that basic income would provide for both workers and capital owners are evaluated separately. Additionally, within the scope of this study, it is demonstrated that it is possible to finance basic income by considering the social expenditures made by states. The study also evaluates the criticisms of basic income and the responses to these criticisms. Furthermore, the pilot implementations of universal basic income and their results are analyzed. In the conclusion section of the study, it is reached that basic income is consistent but its simultaneous implementation on a universal level is not yet possible in its current form.

Humanising The 'Naire' in Money: A Scoping Review

Lanre Akinpelu Olanrewaju Olutayo — 2024-09-29

As the world progresses into the critical Year 2030, the magic Year for attaining the Sustainable Development Goals, doubts about the certainty of success are high. Amid COVID-19, the climate crisis, the Russia-Ukraine war, among many other wars, and the high cost of living pushing most of the people into poverty and hardship, it is time to reconsider what is being done to make the world a better place for most of the people. In doing this, this paper attempts to interrogate the influence of money in the consistent world economic crises. It argues that the 'inevitability of money', attendant on changing technology, pervading the World Capitalist System needs to be reoriented to homos sociologicus. In a way, it recommends the need to 'humanise' money and technology, such that humans construct it socially instead of vice versa.

Impact of Public Private Partnership on the Development of Critical Infrastructure in Nigeria during the Fourth Republic

Victor Onuh Edogbanya — 2024-09-29

The use of Public Private Partnership (PPP) for the provision of critical infrastructure became imperative in order to reduce cost, absorb risk, improve quality, guarantee effective service delivery and obtain value for money. However, the extent to which the use of PPP in the provision of critical infrastructure in Nigeria during the fourth republic has not been established due to lack of access to necessary data. This is the gap that this study intends to bridge by providing necessary information on the impact of PPP in the development physical infrastructure within the period under review. Therefore, the main objective of the study is to examine the impact of PPP in the development of road, rail and water transportation in Nigeria during the fourth republic. Methodologically, the paper adopts a qualitative approach for the purpose of obtaining the required materials through the contents analysis of documents from the Ministry of Transport, Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE), Bureau of Public Procurement (BPP), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and National dailies. The findings of the study reveal that the impact of PPP in the development of road, rail and water transportation during the fourth republic in Nigeria have not be quite impressive due to poor maintenance culture, poor funding, lack of accountability and evading due process in contract award .Therefore, the study recommends for the use of cost benefit analysis in ensuring value for money, replacement of obsolete equipment, increase in budgetary provision and compliance with the provisions of Public Procurement Act in contract award.

Effect of EVA, CFROI, MVA and CVA Methods on Shareholders Value Maximization and Financial Performance Estimation: An Empirical Study

Kemal Yaman — 2024-09-29

With the globalization of markets, competition and performance pressure have accelerated. Investors rightfully expect a reasonable return on the capital they make available to others. Since companies often achieve their growth through capital obtained from new shareholders, the pressure on company profitability increases significantly. The capital market rewards companies' good performance and also punishes their bad performance. At this point, Economic Value Added (EVA), Cash Flow Return on Investment (CFROI), Cash Value Added (CVA) and Market Value Added (MVA), which ensure value maximization, have become increasingly important problems. For this reason, company profitability and growth potential are important. Within the scope of this study, the importance of EVA, CFROI, CVA and MVA indicators and their comparison with traditional methods are discussed in the introduction part. Studies on these indicators that embody value maximization are examined through a literature review. In the methodology section, the data of 11 companies active in the healthcare sector listed on Borsa Istanbul are analyzed through regression and correlation analyzes on the basis of the 2015-2021 period, and the effects of these indicators on stock returns. As a result, when MVA, CVA, CFROI and EVA are positive, economic profit is achieved and shareholder value is expected to increase.